Colombian beetles can transform food scraps into fertiliser

Viasus Tibamoso holding a Hercules beetle in Tunja, Colombia. — Photos: AP

Three yellow-and-black beetles clung to the shirt of German Viasus Tibamoso, a Colombian environmental engineer who uses beetle larvae to transform food waste into fertilisers.

As he encouraged them to move along, he murmured to them in Japanese – trying to get them accustomed, he said, to the sounds of their future homes.

The not-so-little bugs – which can grow up to 17cm long – have a remarkably productive and complicated life among the humans who breed and collect them.

Viasus Tibamoso, owner of Tierra Viva, giving an interview even as two rhinoceros beetles climb on his neck.

Tibamoso operates a company called Tierra Viva in a rural area around the city of Tunja, a city some 150km northwest of the Colombian capital of Bogota.

An attempt as a postgraduate student to produce organic fertiliser with worms failed, Tibamoso said, but he found beetle larvae in the bags of earth that remained. He tried using them instead. And it worked.

A Hercules beetle larva: Viasus Tibamoso's company transforms solid, organic waste, with the help of beetle larvae's digestive microorganisms, that turn the waste into a compost rich in nitrogen and phosphorous.

Tonnes of food scraps collected from nearby communities are spread in concrete ditches and covered with earth. Then beetle larvae – the stage between egg and adulthood – are introduced.

They chew through the refuse and their digestive microorganisms transform it into a fertiliser rich in nitrogen and phosphorous.

After four months or so, the product passes through a filter that separates the fertiliser from the larvae, who are at the point of becoming adult beetles.

They mate, and their eggs are used to start the process anew. The adults, however, go on very different journeys. Some are headed for scientific labs. And a lucky few embark on a future across the Pacific in Japan, where beetles are popular as pets, and are even sold over online emporiums such as Amazon.

Viasus Tibamoso placing beetle larvae on solid waste.

Tierra Viva has been exporting the bugs – largely Hercules beetles – since 2004, and Tibamoso said they can bring as much as US$150 (RM660) each.

This year, the company sent 100 beetles to Tokyo – down from 300 last year – held in little plastic cases with air holes and food.

The sales are often in the company’s variant of cryptocurrency, called “Kmushicoin” – a variant on a Japanese word for beetle.

Tibamoso, 52, said he hopes the project can grow and prosper for another century – perhaps with its fertiliser used in reforestation projects.

“It’s very difficult in Colombia... because we do it without any help from the state or any other entity. In any other country of the world, a project like this would get a lot of help,” he said. – AP