THE world’s three past industrial revolutions evolved from the invention of the steam engine followed by the electrification and expansion of industries for mass production and then the digital revolution produced by computers and information technologies.
The 4th Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) is being driven by the convergence of advanced technologies such as robotics, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, autonomous vehicles, 3-D printing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, materials science, energy storage and quantum computing.