Few of us feel we have enough hours in the day. Most of us dash from one job to the next, barely getting a chance to relax as we just don't have the time.
The sense of time poverty is widespread - and bad news. Chronic time pressure means stress, which is linked to increased cortisol levels, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, unhealthy eating habits and a greater risk of obesity.
Meanwhile, psychological consequences include burnout, depression or anxiety disorders.
You can change this though, says psychologist Ruth Ogden in BBC Science Focus. She proposes these simple, scientifically supported strategies to reduce your sense of time scarcity.
You do not have to take on each and every commitment. Consciously saying no creates space for the things that really matter.
Ogden's advice acknowledges that saying you don't have time doesn't necessarily make you more popular. A better strategy for saying no is: a) Ask for more time, say for tasks at work. b) Make it clear that you are saying no because of circumstances beyond your control. c) It is better not to give a reason for saying no than to simply say "I don't have time for that."
Track how you spend your time during a typical week - from work meetings to social media, cooking to sorting socks and similar activities. Don't go into too much detail, but working in 30-minute increments. This allows you to see where you can free up some time by making small changes. For example, you could cook dinner in advance to free up half an hour in the evening, says Ogden, professor of psychology of time at Liverpool John Moores University.
Whether it's housework, shopping or small everyday tasks, sharing them with others in the household or outsourcing them, say to robot vacuum cleaners or food delivery services, lets you buy time and use it consciously for relaxation or important projects.
This is a kind of reverse to-do list. Writing down what you've accomplished at the end of the day promotes a feeling of productivity and satisfaction. Take 5 minutes to do this. Seeing everything in black and white can boost your self-confidence. And in the best case scenario, it shows you that you are actually using your time pretty well.
This is about setting boundaries for yourself. You should separate tasks and leisure time and block them in your calendar, setting fixed times for work, emails and relaxation to avoid overload and distraction.
"If you can't relax after work because you still have emails to answer, block out 15 minutes every evening just for emails," says Ogden. Afterwards, turn off your email notifications or switch your smartphone to silent mode, advises the professor of psychology of time at Liverpool John Moores University. – dpa
