YOGYAKARTA, Indonesia, June 11 (Reuters) - When Aldewa Anjasmara Halip's three-year-old daughter cried hysterically every time she was due to attend a daycare centre in Indonesia's cultural capital of Yogyakarta, he thought the toddler simply wanted to stay at home and play.
But the police say the little girl was one of dozens of children aged 2 to 6 years old who were physically abused at the Little Aresha daycare centre.
Authorities arrested 13 carers in late April on suspicion of child abuse and neglect, sparking a public outcry and calls for stronger government oversight of the emerging child daycare sector. The police also said the centre had been operating without required licences.
"I thought it was just a normal thing because she was simply too lazy to go ... but it turns out she has been traumatised there," said Aldewa, who like many Indonesians uses his first name on second reference. He and his wife work at nearby malls.
The police found most of more than 100 children enrolled at the centre with their hands and feet tied up when they raided it in April, the head of child protection at Yogyakarta's police criminal investigation unit, ApriSawitri, said in an interview with Reuters. Some were tethered to doors, she said.
Another investigator, Diyah Puspitarini, a commissioner at Indonesia's child protection agency, told Reuters that many of the children were routinely slapped and pinched.
Caregivers told the police the physical punishment was designed to make the children "more manageable", Diyah said.
All 13 suspects are women and include the owner, principal, and caregivers, the police said. The police have not publicly identified the suspects, instead referring to them by their initials, a typical practice in Indonesia before a case goes to court.
Reuters was unable to contact any of the suspects, or identify their lawyers, to seek comment. An answer service responding to calls to the registered number of Little Aresha said the telephone number was no longer available. None of the suspects has commented publicly about the allegations.
The case is the biggest single example of alleged child violence in Indonesia, according to child rights activists, and sparked front-page headlines in mainstream media, viral social media coverage and widespread condemnation from rights groups and lawmakers.
In light of the arrests, the government has promised more oversight and regulation and better coordination between central and regional authorities.
"We hope Yogyakarta can serve as a starting point for a national review to ensure that all daycare centres in Indonesia meet child protection standards to the highest possible standard," Minister for Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection Arifah Fauzi, whose ministry oversees daycare centres, told Reuters.
'MORE CLIENTS'
Little Aresha is one of the more expensive child daycare centres in Yogyakarta, a city of nearly 4 million people and a cultural tourism destination. It charged as much as 1 million rupiah ($55.74) per month, according to Diyah of Indonesia's child protection agency, in a city where the average monthly income is about 3.2 million rupiah.
Since news of the case was made public, the centre has been vandalised with spray-painted profanities on the walls and windows.
Diyah said the allegations came to light when one of the caregivers turned whistleblower.
She said caregivers told investigators the children were restrained under the orders of the centre’s principal as part of a strategy to maximise the number of children to staff.
The five-room centre, located in a house, was cramped with as many as 30 children packed into one 3-by-3 metre (yard) room, she said. Caregivers were not trained and they handled 10 children each, she added. The government's staffing guidelines, which are not binding, recommend one caregiver to four children.
In Indonesia, convictions for child abuse and neglect carry maximum sentences of five years imprisonment and a 100 million rupiah ($5,574) fine.
Police also alleged the centre violated the national education law by operating without a license, a crime that carries a maximum penalty of 10 years in jail.
NEW CONCEPT
Little Aresha had been operating since 2018, Diyah said. A banner seen by Reuters at the premises says it offered services for children as young as 2 months old, depicting images of rainbows and children playing in a playground.
Indonesia has thousands of child daycare centres, although the concept is relatively new in the country, where children are traditionally looked after by their extended family.
"The government does not have an official figure of the total number of daycares in Indonesia," Minister Arifah said, adding that the government is now calling for all such centres to register.
She said these daycare centres have operated under various institutional frameworks. Some are part of early childhood education centres or kindergartens, some are community-based or home-based and many are not registered with any authorities.
Diyah's agency has now urged the government, police, and heads of local community units to carry out routine inspections on all child daycare centres.
The agency has also urged the government to raise requirements on carer qualifications and the amenities that centres should provide, she said.
Imedia Dwi Anjani's four-year-old son was found tied to a door during the police raid, the police said.
She says she had found bruises and bumps on her son's body in the past, but caregivers said they were caused by the rough and tumble of toddlers at play. She said her son has a delayed speech condition, which meant he could not communicate about what was going on.
"Everythingthey have done is despicable," she said.
The police expect to complete their investigation by late June, Apri said, at which point a police report will be handed to the provincial prosecutor's office to consider formal charges. ($1=17,940 rupiah)
(Reporting by Ananda Teresia in Jakarta and Budi Satriawan in Yogyakarta; Editing by Gibran Peshimam and Neil Fullick)
