PETALING JAYA: Physical injuries are often the most visible impact of a fall for older adults, but the emotional and psychological effects can be equally damaging, says senior physiotherapist Gunasekaran Sukumaran.
“Many seniors develop a fear of falling again after an accident,” he said.
“As a result, they avoid physical activity. But reduced movement weakens muscles and balance, creating a vicious cycle that increases the risk of another fall.”
The good news, he noted, is that many falls can be prevented through regular exercise, home safety improvements and appropriate medical care.
“Strength training, balance exercises, walking programmes, tai chi and physiotherapy-guided rehabilitation have all been shown to improve stability, coordination and confidence,” he said.
For older adults living with conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, arthritis, osteoporosis or diabetes, he said exercise programmes should be tailored to their individual needs following an assessment by a physiotherapist.
Simple modifications around the home can also make a significant difference, he said.
“Removing loose rugs, keeping walkways free from clutter, installing grab bars in bathrooms, improving lighting and using non-slip mats are practical steps that reduce the risk of falls,” he said.
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Gunasekaran noted that slippery floors, particularly during wet weather, remain a common hazard in many homes.
He encouraged older adults to undergo regular medication reviews, as some medicines can cause dizziness, drowsiness or sudden drops in blood pressure.
Routine vision and hearing checks, together with supportive, non-slip footwear, can further improve safety.
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“Falls are rarely caused by a single factor. Age-related physical changes, chronic illnesses, medications, cognitive conditions and environmental hazards often overlap to increase the risk,” he said.
Gunasekaran said many people think a fall is just an accident “but for older adults, it can become a life-changing event”.
”Hip fractures, in particular, often require lengthy rehabilitation.
“Some patients never regain their previous level of mobility or independence,” Gunasekaran added.
