Prepare for 4.0 job changes

epa05020467 A consumer views online shopping websites at a store of JD.com online shopping website in an university in Beijing city, China, 11 November 2015. Chinese internet giant Alibaba made 5 billion dollars in the first 90 minutes of the countrys Singles Day online shopping binge on 11 November, defying fears of an economic slowdown in the worlds second-largest economy. Alibaba rival and Chinas largest online direct sales company, JD.com, said on 11 November that its website had clocked up 10 million orders by 10 am (0200 GMT), which is up 180 per cent from the sites total number of orders on Singles Day last year. EPA/WU HONG

THE steam engine marked the first industrial revolution. The transport sector saw a major process change as steam-powered rail replaced the horse-drawn carriages of the cowboy era. Jobs associated with steam engines grew and the once thriving horse stables became history.

Then came the second industrial revolution where steam locomotives gave way to electricity-driven rail. This time, jobs related to the steam-powered railway saw an inevitable reduction.