SCIENTISTS have a distinct and coherent code of norms, which results in “specific behaviours” associated with them. Whether consciously or otherwise, scientists internalise these norms, resulting in what is often referred to as the “professional conduct” of a scientist.
The suggestion that the behaviour of an academic scientist could be related to a compact and coherent set of norms was first put forward in 1942 by Robert King Merton, an American sociologist.
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