German Defence Minister Boris Pistorius speaks about conscription modernisation at the lower house of parliament, the Bundestag, in Berlin, Germany, December 5, 2025. REUTERS/Lisi Niesner
BERLIN, Dec 5 (Reuters) - Germany's parliament approved a controversial new military service law on Friday that aims to boost Bundeswehr numbers and meet NATO targets as tensions with Russia spur calls for stronger defence capabilities across Europe.
The legislation, backed after months of heated debate, introduces a dual-track system: a more lucrative voluntary service is intended to attract young recruits, but if enlistment falls short, lawmakers can activate needs-based conscription.
This would require a separate Bundestag vote and could involve random selection if more are eligible than needed.
The defence ministry will report recruitment figures to parliament every six months.
The bill sets ambitious expansion goals for the Bundeswehr, targeting up to 260,000 active soldiers - up from 183,000 currently - and at least 200,000 reservists by 2035.
In a move not seen since conscription was suspended in 2011, all men born after January 1, 2008, will undergo medical evaluation, phased in as capacity allows.
Both 18-year-old men and women will receive requests to declare willingness to serve, though only men must respond.
Germany's move follows a broader European trend, as France, Italy and Belgium expand voluntary service while Nordic and Baltic states strengthen mandatory conscription in response to Russian aggression.
(Reporting by Markus Wacket, Writing by Kirsti Knolle, Editing by Friederike Heine)
