PETALING JAYA: The sweltering weather may not only be risky for the body but also food safety, say health experts.
Prof Dr Victor Hoe of Universiti Malaya said food has the potential to turn bad easily under extremely hot weather.
“Food bought from stores and restaurants should be consumed within four hours when kept outside in a cool environment.
“However, during extreme hot weather, food can spoil more easily,” said the Professor of Occupational and Environmental Health.
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Bacteria that cause food-borne illnesses, such as Salmonella and E. coli, grow more easily (at temperatures) between 4°C and 60°C. Therefore, it is crucial to keep food either hot (above 60°C) or cold (below 4°C) to prevent bacterial growth,” he added.
Agreeing with Prof Hoe, former health ministry official and public health expert Datuk Dr Zainal Ariffin Omar said extreme temperatures or prolonged room temperature exposure can affect food.
Therefore, he said, it is essential to store food at the right temperature or in a container.
“Bacterial growth can cause food poisoning,” he said.
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Meanwhile, Prof Hoe said extreme heat also poses significant health risks, including heat-related illnesses such as heat exhaustion, heatstroke and heat cramps.
“When the body cannot cool itself effectively, its temperature can rise rapidly, leading to potentially fatal conditions. Heat can exacerbate chronic illnesses like cardiovascular disease, diabetes and asthma,” he said.
“Vulnerable populations, including older adults, children, and those with pre-existing health conditions, are at higher risk.”
Prof Hoe advised the public to stay indoors and use air conditioning if possible; avoid strenuous activity, especially when it is extremely hot outside; wear lightweight, light-coloured and loose-fitting clothing; and take cool showers or baths to lower the body temperature.
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“Drink plenty of fluids, even if you do not feel thirsty. Water is the best. In normal weather, we advise individuals to take at least six to eight glasses of water a day. In hot weather, you need to consume much more,” he said.
Avoid alcohol, caffeine and sugary drinks, as they can lead to dehydration,” he added.
He said people should also be aware of signs of heat-related illnesses such as heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, nausea and muscle cramps.
They should also be mindful of the changes in the colour and quantity of the urine.
“Know the colour and amount of urine; if the urine turns to dark yellow and in small amounts, it indicates dehydration, and you need to drink plenty of water,” he said.
