Leading by example to fight child marriage

Political will: With various government initiatives, India has recorded a decline in child marriages, according to Unicef. A child bride waiting for her mass marriage ceremony to start in a village near Kolkata in 2009. – Reuters

AS a 15-year-old, she convinced her parents not to marry her off so she could fulfill a childhood dream of becoming a doctor and treating the poor. Now, two years later, Priyanka Bauri strives to make other girls and their parents conscious of the perils of child marriage.

“I had stopped my own marriage by convincing my parents that I want to study and become a doctor. I would like to treat the downtrodden and neglected people. I told my mother that marrying early and conceiving early can be detrimental to our health,” Bauri, now 17, confidently told a group of visiting journalists in West Bengal.

Bauri, a resident of Neturia block in Parbatput village of West Bengal’s backward Purulia district, said her parents wanted her to get married at the age of 15 to fight against poverty. She made them understand that she wanted to study, which would enable her to look after the needs of the family.

“Now I make other girls understand,” Bauri said.

She is not alone.

According to Indian media, other brave girls, aided by Unicef, have fought off marital atrocities to return to the world of books and lead by example in Purulia, where almost 38.3 percent of young females get married before the age of 18.The female literacy rate in the district is reported to be an abysmal 50.52%, a figure much lower than the state average of 70.54%.

Nabami Besra and Renuka Majhi from the interiors of Purulia were forced to quit their studies and marry at tender ages. But neither of them tolerated the misbehavior of their in-laws. They are now back with their parents and studying further.

“I want to be independent and join the police force,” said Besra.

Unicef, with the support of the district administration, initiated the Adolescent Empowerment Program (AEP) to carry out various activities in 10 blocks and three municipalities of Purulia in 2015. These programmes include empowerment through life skill education, promoting sports and self-defense.

“I am amazed to see the awareness level among young girls in Purulia. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 of the year 2015-16, shows the rate of child marriage in Purulia as 38.3%, but I am sure the present data will show a decline as various government schemes are being implemented very effectively,” said Mohammad Mohiuddin, chief of Unicef’S West Bengal unit.

Child marriage is still a problem in India. It is reported that each year at least 1.2 million children are married in India in violation of a law that sets a minimum marriage age of 18 for females and 21 for males. In 10 years from 2001, some 5.16 million girls and 6.95 million boys married before reaching the legal marriage age, according to census results.

Most child marriages are said to happen in 70 districts of 13 Indian states: Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.

However, India has recorded a decline in child marriages since then, Unicef stated in March.

Some 47% of all females married were girls below 18 years a decade ago, but that has come down to 27%.

“We need to eradicate child marriage at the earliest as it curtails the child’s right to protection, participation, education and development,” India’s National Commission for Protection of Child Rights chairwoman Stuti Kacker was quoted.

Renu Singh, from a group called Young Lives India, noted that some Indian cultures support child marriage as they consider girls to be “somebody else’s property”.

Poverty is the main cause followed by gender inequality and insecurity as well as customs and traditions, Singh added, stressing that while having a law is crucial, the education of girls and empowering them to be ambitious are critical to ending child marriage.

The Indian government is seeking to eradicate the practice by 2030, according to its Women and Children Development Ministry.

Talking about proper execution of existing government policies, Swapnadeepa Biswas, Child Protection Officer, Unicef, said: “There are lots of empowerment programmes, but what was needed was a holistic approach that took into account all factors – health, nutrition awareness, the safety of oneself, education, earning a livelihood and maintaining of hygiene.”

In West Bengal, the state government has been running Kanyashree Prakalpa, a scheme aimed at improving the life and status of girls to prevent child marriage since 2013.

“There are initiatives for both boys and girls, but girls are given a little more support due to their social conditions,” Biswas added.

For instance, the Kanyashree Football Tournament (KFT) initiated in 2015 helped in mobilising 5,400 Kanyashree girls from 183 Clubs.

“Through our Kanyashree Swabalambi project (Kanyashree self-dependence project) inaugurated in July 2017, we are providing training in tailoring, nursing, handicrafts, etc. We are coming up with buildings in each block headquarters named ‘Kanyashree’ where there will be books, computers with high-speed internet – and a training center for vocational skills,” District Magistrate Alokesh Prasad Roy said.

There will be dormitories for the ones who want to stay back if they get late, Roy added. – Asia News Network