Doctrinal and cultural diversity existed in Muslim societies even in the days of Prophet Muhammad.

ONE of the sayings of Prophet Muhammad, as narrated by Muslim, is that “kindness is a mark of faith”. Indeed, all religions teach us to live serenely and selflessly in the midst of suffering.

The view that the protection of the Constitution is restricted to the public sector is based on a bygone political ideology.

According to tauliah laws, Muslims must speak about Islam only when allowed to do so.

When states and international bodies fail to protect peoples’ rights due to geopolitical reasons or other motivations, citizens’ groups must spring into action.

We need to regain the 1963 spirit of accommodation, moderation and compassion.

Inter-ethnic cooperation was the dream of the forefathers of our Constitution.

Judges are as free to walk the path of justice as their conviction allows.

Islam is like a mansion with many rooms, and diversity abounds in Islamic jurisprudence.

American democracy has become subverted by the rise of many hegemonic groups acting behind the scenes.

IN a country with a supreme Constitution and a chapter on fundamental liberties, it is the duty of the superior courts to preserve, protect and defend the basic law against any institution or person that lays rash hands upon the ark of the Constitution. The courts must enforce fundamental rights and the federal-state division of powers.

Improving the committee system in Parliament is the key to restoring a system of check and balance.