WITH Chinese New Year upon us, let's take a look at the fruit synonymous with the season: mandarins. Well, maybe not mandarins, but its relative, the orange.
With an estimated 48 million tonnes of the fruit grown internationally in 2024, oranges are one of the world's most popular fruits.
While many people consider orange juice a healthy breakfast staple, what if I told you that oranges are not actually natural?
Is it true that oranges do not occur in nature?
Verdict:
TRUE
Oranges are actually "man-made". The oranges we recognise today are the result of hybridisation between two ancient fruit species: the pomelo (Citrus maxima) and the mandarin (Citrus reticulata).
The hybridisation process has led to the development of the orange’s distinctive characteristics, such as its sweet taste and easy-to-peel skin.
Humans have been practising agriculture for thousands of years, and hybridisation has been a key technique for improving crop yields, taste, and resilience to disease.
In the case of the orange, this involved carefully choosing the best traits from its parent fruits to create a new variety with the sweetness of the mandarin and the larger size and hardiness of the pomelo.
The exact origins of this hybridisation process are believed to be in Southeast Asia, most likely in the region that includes present-day southern China and northern India.
From there, oranges spread across the globe, becoming a staple fruit in Mediterranean countries and eventually reaching the Americas through European explorers.
While it might be strange to think that oranges are "unnatural", we must remember that many of the foods we enjoy today are actually the product of 10,000 years of agriculture and would not have existed as they are now without human intervention.
Other fruits, such as bananas and apples, have been altered significantly over the years through selective breeding.
If we were to look at their wild counterparts, many of them would be far less edible or palatable.
