The climate pledges of the world's top emitters

China has promised to reduce the intensity of its emissions by as much as 65% by 2030. — AFP

UNDER the Paris Agreement on climate, nearly every country will have to drastically reduce their carbon emissions, and they were supposed to submit renewed plans to do so by the end of 2020.

The first draft of "nationally determined contributions" (NDCs) submitted in 2015 would put Earth on course to be at least 3°Celsius hotter than pre-industrial times, a far cry from the Paris temperature cap goal of keeping warming "well below" 2°C.