An objective and effective execution of urban renewal projects requires a holistic approach.
Globally, urban decay, also known as urban decline or urban shrinkage, is a persistent challenge that governments must address by implementing urban renewal and sustainability strategies.
Urban decay is characterised by a deterioration of physical infrastructure, abandonment of buildings, and dilapidated living conditions or housing that is old, worn-out, and in a state of disrepair, ruin, or neglect, often due to age, lack of maintenance, or environmental damage.
