The nation and China resume direct flights yesterday after a five-year suspension, a move important both for trade and a symbolic step as Asia’s giants cautiously rebuild relations.
The neighbours – the world’s two most populous nations -- remain strategic rivals competing for regional influence, but ties have eased gradually since a deadly Himalayan border clash in 2020.
India’s government said the resumption of flights will boost “people-to-people contact” and aid the “gradual normalisation of bilateral exchanges”.
Warming relations with Beijing come as India’s ties with key trade partner Washington struggle, following US President Donald Trump’s order of punishing 50% tariffs.
Trump’s aides have accused India of fuelling Russia’s war in Ukraine by buying Moscow’s oil.
India’s largest commercial carrier, IndiGo, is set to operate the first daily flight to mainland China, departing Kolkata at 10pm (1630 GMT) yesterday for Guangzhou.
There are already regular flights between India and Hong Kong, while additional services from the capital New Delhi to Shanghai and Guangzhou will begin next month.
“The direct air link will reduce logistics and transit time,” said Rajeev Singh, head of the Indian Chamber of Commerce in Kolkata.
India’s eastern port city of Kolkata has centuries-old ties with China dating back to British rule, when Chinese migrants arrived as traders.
“It’s great news for people like us, who have relatives in China,” said Chen Khoi Kui, a civil society leader in Kolkata’s Chinatown district of Tangra. “Air connectivity will boost trade, tourism and business travel.”
India runs a significant trade deficit with Beijing, relying heavily on Chinese raw materials for industrial and export growth.
The thaw between New Delhi and Beijing followed meetings between their leaders in Russia last year and in China in August.
India’s imports from China surged to more than US$11bil last month, up more than 16% compared with September 2024, according to New Delhi’s commerce ministry. Exports from India to China were US$1.47bil, modest by comparison, but up around 34% year-on-year.
Direct flights between the two countries were suspended during the Covid-19 pandemic, halting roughly 500 monthly services.
Relations then plummeted after the 2020 border skirmish between the nuclear-armed nations, when at least 20 Indian and four Chinese soldiers were killed.
Both sides have troops posted along their contested 3,500km high-altitude frontier.
But this month, soldiers on each side exchanged gifts of sweets on the Hindu festival of Diwali, “marking a gesture of goodwill”, said Yu Jing, the spokesperson of the Chinese Embassy in India.
But relations still have far to go.
“Managing an increasingly assertive China remains India’s long-term challenge,” the Indian Express, in an editorial, added.
“These fundamental realities remain unchanged, regardless of Trump’s whimsical diplomatic actions.” — AFP
